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Deterioration of Concrete - Alkali-carbonate rock reaction



Mechanism. Certain carbonate rock aggregates have been reactive in concrete. The results of these reactions have been characterized as ranging from beneficial to destructive. The destructive category is apparently limited to reactions with impure dolomitic aggregates and are a result of either dedolomitization or rim-silicification reactions.

Symptoms. Visual examination of those reactions that are serious enough to disrupt the concrete in a structure will generally show map or pattern cracking and a general appearance which indicates that the concrete is swelling. A distinguishing feature which differentiates alkali-carbonate rock reaction from alkali-silica reaction is the lack of silica gel exudations at cracks. Petrographic examination may be used to confirm the presence of alkali-carbonate rock reaction.

Prevention. In general, the best prevention is to avoid using aggregates that are or suspected of being reactive.



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